Nuclear Weapons 2003

NUCLEAR WEAPONS

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	A Nuclear Headache: What if the Radicals Oust Musharraf?	by David E. Sanger & Thom Shanker		December 30, 2003

	Two recent assassination attempts against Pakistan's president, Gen. Pervez Musharraf, have renewed concern in the Bush administration over both the stability of a critical ally and the security of its nuclear weapons if General Musharraf were killed or removed from office. Administration officials would not discuss their contingency plans for Pakistan, but several said the White House was revisiting an effort begun just after the Sept. 11, 2001, attacks to help Pakistan improve the security of its nuclear arsenal and to prevent Al Qaeda or extremists within the Pakistani military or intelligence services from gaining access to the country's weapons and fissile material.

	NATO's Nuclear Conflict				December 2003
	Science for Democratic Action, Vol. 12 No. 1 The same dangerous policies that are applied to American nuclear allies in Europe can be applied to American allies in the Pacific.

	Rogue States: Nuclear Red-Herrings		by Bruce G. Blair, Ph.D	December 5, 2003
	The dirty little secret of America’s current nuclear policy is that 99 percent of the nuclear weapons budget, planning, targeting, and operational activities still revolves around this one anachronistic scenario. The rationale is a throw-back to the Cold War, but however absurd, it still is the axis of current nuclear operations.

	Depleted Uranium - a crime in progress...		by Robert C. Koehler	November 10, 2003
	The perfect weapon: Its damage lasts 4.5 billion years. What's not to love, if you're the Pentagon? We pounded Saddam Hussein's army with depleted uranium ammo in Gulf War I and destroyed it on the ground. Maybe you've seen pictures of what we did to it; GIs cleaning up afterward coined the term ``crispy critters'' to describe the fried corpses they found inside Iraqi tanks and trucks.

	Report: Nuclear Labs Vulnerable to Attack		The Associated Press	October 6, 2003
	Security at the nation's nuclear weapons labs is so lax that the facilities have repeatedly failed drills in which mock terrorists captured radioactive material and escaped, according to an article in Vanity Fair magazine.NY Times

	Letter to the Editor, The Listener		by Larry Ross	November 5 , 2003
	...."US warships don't have nuclear weapons on board" ???

	Australian Senate lends support to anti-nuke resolution at UN			Friends of the Earth Australia	October 28, 2003
	Two disarmament resolutions before the United Nations' First Committee were supported yesterday by the Senate.

	A Holocaust in the Making		by Paul Craig Roberts	October 27 , 2003
	When it became obvious that the neoconservatives would succeed in turning the "war against terrorism" into war against the Muslim Middle East, I said that the consequences would be the return of the draft or US use of nuclear weapons. Bush administration neoconservatives have concluded that reinstating the military draft would incite more opposition than inaugurating a new weapons program to produce "useable nukes."

	Comment on items sent from Abolition Caucus	By Larry Ross	October 25 , 2003
	Israel/US vs Palestine & The Middle East Both Israel and US are the only nuclear powers in the Mid-East. Israel is stealing land from Palestine, building Israeli settlements and huge walls through the middle of the stolen land in defiance of many UN resolutions and assassinating people they label as "terrorists". They have reached out and bombed well within Syria, on the grounds of "attacking terrorists or terrorist camps".
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.	Items on: India/Pakistan/Saudia The Times of India Online Oct 23 2003 Saudis may buy Pak nukes Indian Express/PTI Thurs Oct23, 2003 Pak, Saudi ink secret nuclear deal: Report VoA 22 Oct Saudi Arabia, Pakistan to Cooperate on Nuclear Technology Indian Express Oct 23 India's nukes likely to spark arms race: US body India, Pakistan have over 80 nuclear weapons: US report

	New Nukes Won't Make Us Safer		by Charles Sheehan-Miles, Alternet	October 20, 2003
	Do we really need any more nuclear power plants, which generate waste which must be managed for tens of thousands of years, when acceptable, affordable and renewable alternatives exist? Do we really need a new arms race with Russia and China? Do we really need domestic and foreign policies based on fear? Will the manufacture of new nuclear bombs make us safer?

	Three Minutes to Midnight: NPRI Symposium on the Impending Threat of Nuclear War		by Pascal Boniface	October 15, 2003
	Why The Pre-emptive First Strikes May Well Be Nuclear United States: the Strangelove doctrine Mention nuclear proliferation and people think of North Korea or Iran: But what about the United States? The Bush administration plans to use nuclear weapons even against countries without them. It also intends to enrich its massive arsenal with new high-precision bombs.

	Bush's War Plan Is Scarier Than He's Saying		by Sydney H. Schanberg	October 15 - 21, 2003
	THE WIDENING CRUSADE If the White House is going to use military force to subdue and neutralize all "evildoers" everywhere in the world, shouldn't the American public be told now? Sydney H. Schanberg tells you why Bush's war plans are scarier than he's letting on.

	Commander George's Traveling Road Show!	by Mark Fiore		Village Voice - Published	October 15, 2003
	Amazing Oddities! Baffling Policies! Only $87 Billion!

	Lange Receives 'Alternative Nobel'		The Christchurch Press	October 3, 2003
	Mr Lange was given the honorary prize "for his steadfast work over many years for a world free of nuclear weapons".

	1,200 weapons inspectors spent 90 days in Iraq.	By Rupert Cornwell and Paul Waugh	October 3, 2003
	The exercise cost $300m. And the number of weapons found? 0 Five months after the end of the war in Iraq, a CIA adviser has admitted that his 1,200-strong team of inspectors has discovered none of Saddam Hussein's alleged weapons of mass destruction.

UK adopting Bush's new nuclear strategy	by Christine Dann	February, 2003
Comment	by Larry Ross	October 15, 2003
UK Restates Nuclear Threat	BBC News	February 2, 2003
Defence Secretary Geoff Hoon says Saddam Hussein "can be absolutely confident" the UK is willing to use nuclear weapons "in the right conditions". Nelson Mandela said Mr Blair was "no longer prime minister of Britain" but instead "the foreign minister of the United States".

Nuclear Neighborhood Bully	Israel Times	October 14, 2003
The effectiveness and success of Israel's nuclear policy could be attributed to the high degree of responsibility and restraint exhibited by decision makers, even at times when the state faced threats that were deemed existential in nature.

	The Usable Nuke Strikes Back Science For Democratic Action Vol 14	by Brice Smith	September, 2003
	This excellent explains the Nuclear Posture Review (NPR) which is one of the fundamental documents behind US Nuclear Policy today. The Bad Old Days covers the evolution of US Nuclear Policy from 1945 on. Institute for Energy and Environmental Research

German Aid to Scrap Russian Subs Cost $354m

BBC News

October 9, 2003

Russia has dozens of decommissioned nuclear submarines rusting near Murmansk in the Arctic north - a problem that alarms its neighbours.

	India building nuclear attack platform in space			October 7, 2003
	“Any country on the fringe of space technology like India has to work towards such a command station because advanced countries are already moving towards laser weapon platforms in space and killer satellites,” Mr Krishnaswamy said.		Daily Times Pakistan

Russia Follows US in Small Nukes Plan

Comment Steve Starr

October 2, 2003

The Bush administration has attempted to portray the so-called mini-nukes as a quasi-conventional weapon that can be used without the danger of massive radioactive fallout.
This is a deliberate lie, because.......

	Russia Bares Its Military Teeth		BBC News	October 2, 2003
	The American Government's Attitude Will Provoke Nuclear Re-armourment. Russian Defence Minister Sergei Ivanov has said his country does not rule out a pre-emptive military strike anywhere in the world if the national interest demands it. .......More

Scores of States May Build Nuclear Weapons - ElBaradei	by Reuters	September 30, 2003
The head of the U.N. nuclear watchdog said Tuesday that unless the United States and other nuclear powers take concrete steps toward disarmament, scores of countries will follow their lead and build atomic weapons.New York Times

	Bunker Busters: A Whole New Nuclear Ballgame		Greenpeace.org	September 23, 2003
	On September 16, Bush got his way when the US Senate voted to allow research into smaller nuclear weapons that could be used in battlefield situations. The so-called "bunker buster" mini-nukes would, in theory, be used to destroy command and control bunkers buried deep underground.

New Aussie nuke claim	from Aust groups	September 21, 2003
The US recently boycotted a meeting to facilitate the entry into force of the Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty (CTBT), which would end all nuclear tests.

DOUBLE-STANDARD AS U.S. SENATE SUPPORTS NEW NUCLEAR WEAPONS,	from Aust groups	September 18, 2003
SUBCRITICAL NUKE TEST PLANNED TODAY The US recently boycotted a meeting to facilitate the entry into force of the Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty (CTBT), which would end all nuclear tests.

Another U.S. war crime? Iraqi cities 'hot' with depleted uranium	by Sara Flounders	September 16, 2003
Has U.S. use of depleted-uranium weapons turned Iraq into a radioactive danger area for both Iraqis and occupation troops?

	Bush Would Use Mini-nukes, Prof Warns		by Dave Zweifel	September 16, 2003
	Is George Bush the most dangerous president in U.S. history? If you ask Professor John Swomley, he is. Swomley, who teaches Christian ethics at the St. Paul School of Theology in Kansas City, has authored an indictment of the Bush administration's foreign policy that includes actual plans to use nuclear bombs as pre-emptive weapons.

We're in the Midst of a Nuclear War The Heavy Stuff	by Paul Krassner	September 16, 2003
Cobalt casings and more, below the decks. My source-I'll call him "Ethan"-is dead, and now, having kept our agreement, I'm finally free to write about this horror story. New York Press

	Letter to PM on Keeping NZ Nuclear-Free		by Larry Ross	September 5, 2003
	Various authorities have said that there is a greater danger today from nuclear weapons use than at any time since 1945. This is mainly because of the new nuclear doctrines introduced by the Bush Administration in their Nuclear Posture Review and in their various strategic analysis documents.

	The Usable Nuke Strikes Back Science For Democratic Action Vol 14	by Brice Smith	September, 2003
	This excellent explains the Nuclear Posture Review (NPR) which is one of the fundamental documents behind US Nuclear Policy today. The Bad Old Days covers the evolution of US Nuclear Policy from 1945 on. Institute for Energy and Environmental Research

US BOYCOTT NUCLEAR TEST BAN	Pol D'Huyvetter	September 3-5, 2003
TELL THEM YOU BOYCOTT US PRODUCTS Since 1945 there have been 2051 nuclear tests on our planet. This adds up to an average of one nuclear explosion every 10 days for the past 58 years.

Russian Fears For Nuclear Security

by Sarah Rainsford

August 28 , 2003

Russia's nuclear watchdog has said the country is failing to keep adequate track of its nuclear materials.
Financing is poor and security weak at nuclear facilities

	Edwards AFB-NASA/DOD/Weapons Tests, Flight Tests, Missile Defense			August 27, 2003
	"I know that your Keep Space for Peace Week event will be just as beautiful as in past times." ALERT:http://www.edwards.af.mil/oh_2003 where EAFB will display war aircraft and weapons Oct 25 weekend

US abandoning 'defence posture' -- Richard Butler	ABC News	August 26, 2003
Newly-appointed Tasmanian governor and former weapons inspector Richard Butler says the US administration believes it can operate outside the rules when it comes to weapons of mass destruction because it is the world's only superpower.

Comment	by Larry Ross	August 22, 2003
Armageddon	by Morgan Strong	October 19, 2003
When we go to war in Iraq we will do so to summon the Messiah. That is what the Christian right believes. The final battle to rid the world of all non-believers, non-Christians, more exactly non-Evangelical Christians, is going to take place very soon at Armageddon in Israel. The Bible tells us so.

New Nukes? No Way	by William Arkin	August 17 , 2003
The Bush administration is on the record supporting the concept of new, more usable nuclear weapons. But the idea is both unnecessary and dangerous.

Gamma-ray Weapons Could Trigger Next Arms Race	by David Hambling	August 16, 2003
An exotic kind of nuclear explosive being developed by the US Department of Defense could blur the critical distinction between conventional and nuclear weapons. The work has also raised fears that weapons based on this technology could trigger the next arms race.

New US Plans Blur the Nuclear Boundaries	by Reuven Pedatzur	August 13, 2003
....it seems that the satirical figure of Strangelove, trying to pressure the American president into using nuclear weapons against the Soviet Union, is the model for the policymakers around George Bush.

TEN MYTHS ABOUT NUCLEAR WEAPONS	David Krieger & Angela McCracken	July 08, 2003
Nuclear weapons were needed to defeat Japan in World War II. ? Nuclear weapons prevented war between the US and the Soviet Union. ? Nuclear threats have gone away since the end of the Cold War. ? The United States needs nuclear weapons for its national security. ? Nuclear weapons make a country safer. ? No leader would be crazy enough to actually use nuclear weapons. ? Nuclear weapons are a cost-effective method of national defense. ? Nuclear weapons are well protected and there is little chance that terrorists could get their hands on one. ? The US is working to fulfill its nuclear disarmament obligations. ? Nuclear weapons are needed to combat threats from terrorists ?

PENTAGON PLANNING TO WIN NUCLEAR WAR	by William M. Arkin, Los Angeles Times	July 6, 2003
A New Nuclear Age; Planners design technology to withstand the apocalypse!
SOUTH POMFRET, Vt. - The Pentagon's Nuclear Posture Review, approved by President Bush in January 2002, outlined steps the U.S. should take to ensure its future ability to "defeat any aggressor." Included was a mandate for an "assured, survivable and enduring" communications network, one that would remain functional even after a full-scale nuclear attack.

MAD AS HELL AND NOT GOING TO TAKE IT ANYMORE	by Douglas Mattern	July 3, 2003
NUCLEAR NIGHTMARE ESCALATES
When the Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT) conference was held in New York city in the year 2000, the nuclear weapons states make a commitment to an "unequivocal undertaking" to eliminate nuclear weapons. This was an empty and hypocritical promise, and experts now agree the danger of nuclear proliferation is worse than in the past 50 years.

Blowing the N-whistle

by Doug Rokke

June 28, 2003

	A former US military researcher tells Gay Alcorn of his crusade to expose the health risks of depleted-uranium weapons used in the Gulf wars. Doug Rokke sits on the edge of his chair in a beige, could-be-anywhere hotel room in Carlton. He stares at you with an almost embarrassing intensity and is close to tears. "It's lonely," he says slowly. "It's very lonely. I made a decision. I was given a job. I did my job. I learned something. I gave them an answer they didn't want. I became persona non grata. And the better parts of my life ended."

Weapon of Mass Deception

by Frida Berrigan

June 27, 2003

	In the weeks leading up to the war on Iraq, TV screens across America were crowded with images of U.S. soldiers readying for upcoming battles with a crazed dictator who would stop at nothing. One clip after another showed U.S. soldiers racing to don $211 suits designed to protect them from the chemical and biological attacks they would surely suffer on the road to ousting Saddam Hussein.

Russian fears for nuclear security	BBC, Moscow	June 27, 2003
Leaders of the main industrialised nations have agreed to pay Russia up to $20bn towards protecting or dismantling its weapons of mass destruction. Cost $20bn +


	Nuclear Age Peace Foundation Statement			David Krieger	June 16, 2003

	Important Statement on New Nuclear Dangers THE CHALLENGE OF NUCLEAR WEAPONS IN THE TWENTY-FIRST CENTURY: A PATH FORWARD The peoples and governments of the world face an urgent challenge relating to weaponry of mass destruction and particularly to nuclear weaponry.

Ten Reasons to Abolish Nuclear Weapons	David Krieger	June 21, 2003
"Peace is the only battle worth waging." --- Albert Camus

FIVE EXPERTS WARN ABOUT THE INCREASING NUCLEAR THREAT	compiled by Larry Ross	May 23, 2002
New Zealand showed wisdom and leadership by becoming nuclear free in 1984 in a world threatened by nuclear destruction. Experts say that nuclear war threats continue and are increasing. Again New Zealand could help with initiatives in peacemaking and war prevention.

White House asks for authority to develop new low yield nuclear weapons	White House	May 22, 2003
Statement of Administration Policy H.R. 1588, National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2004 Low-Yield Nuclear Weapons. The Administration appreciates the support for research of low yield nuclear weapons in section 3111. However, maintaining the prohibition on development will hinder the ability of our scientists and engineers to explore technical options to deter national security threats of the 21st century. A complete repeal of section 3136 of the FY 1994 National Defense Authorization Act is needed. This in no way would usurp Congress's right to authorize and appropriate the funds necessary to develop and build new or modified nuclear weapons should this or a future President determine that such weapons were in the supreme interest of the United States. More

	MISCALCULATION / ACCIDENTAL NUCLEAR WAR THREAT INCREASES	by Carol Giocamo	May 22, 2003
	The Old Dangers made New - Experts Fear U.S.-Russia Nuclear 'Miscalculation. Experts Fear U.S.-Russia Nuclear 'Miscalculation' Think tank calls on world leaders to address the problem.

	DEFENCE POLICY IN THE NUCLEAR AGE		by Larry Ross	May 20, 2001
	"We have not learnt the lesson that we escaped a nuclear catastrophe through sheer luck and not through any infallibility of deterrent theory or any other restraint systems...this luck is not something that is going to hold permanently." Retired head of US nuclear forces, General Lee Butler who spoke in NZ in 1998 for IPPNW, gives similar warnings as does Retired US Secretary of Defence, Robert McNamara, Prime Minister Helen Clark, and others.

Action to Ban Mini-Nukes
Union of Concerned Scientists Action Network		May 16, 2003
Tell Your Senators to Say "No" to New Nukes The Bush administration is pushing for the development of new nuclear weapons. The White House is interested in smaller, more "usable" nuclear weapons and has asked Congress to lift the 10-year Spratt- Furse ban on the development of new "mini-nukes." The Senate will likely vote next week whether or not to maintain the ban. Take this opportunity to tell your senators to oppose new nuclear weapons: tell them to maintain the Spratt-Furse law.



BUSH LOOKING AT OTHER NUKES	by Ian Hoffman	May 16, 2003
Now cleared by a Republican-led Congress to develop a high-yield, nuclear "bunker buster," the Bush administration is internally debating other nuclear weapons -- a precision, low-yield "agent defeat" weapon to destroy germ weapons, plus other new bombs yet undisclosed.

Nuclear Road to Armageddon	by Robert Scheer	May 13, 2003
Bush's bid for new kinds of weapons could put the world on a suicidal course. It turns out the threat is not from Iraq but from us.

Nuclear weapons In 1945 Planned for Global Domination	by Dr Arjun Makhijani	May, 2003
ARRESTED FOR PEACE!	Atomic Scientists
More than 7,500 arrests were reported in the U.S. alone during anti-war protests between November, 2002 and mid-April, 2003. The latest edition of the Nuclear Resister newsletter chronicles this slice of recent anti-war activism that included more than 300 actions in at least 115 cities and towns in 35 states.

	REPORT FROM GN REPRESENTATIVE AT U.N. MEETING
	NUCLEAR NON-PROLIFERATION TREATY		April/May, 2003
	Highlighting the dangers of Theatre Missile Defense is crucial since so many countries are being ‘tied in’ to the missile defense concept through TMD. In addition promoting the declaration by space-user states of Independent Moratoriums on the Development and Deployment of Weapons in Space will enhance the likelihood of a Prevention of Arms Race in Outer Space Treaty (see separate Briefing).


A SANE US NUCLEAR WEAPONS POLICY	NUCLEAR NON-PROLIFERATION TREATY	May, 2003
If nuclear weapons are used in Iraq, Medact fears that 3.9 million people would die. The radioactive fallout would eventually circle the planet, dooming even more people to an early death.

DU Info Bulletin no. 72 and News		April 23, 2003
One of the enduring mysteries of the last gulf war	Susan Spencer, CBS	April 9, 2003
Scientists reject line on depleted uranium	Paul Brown, Guardian	April 19 2003
Depleted uranium casts shadow over peace in Iraq	Duncan Graham-Rowe	April 15, 2003
Long-Term Damage from a Short-Term War Leaving a Mess in Mesopotamia	Solana Pyne	April 16-22, 2003
U.S. should end its use of depleted-uranium weapons	Ginger Perlman	April 16, 2003
Nuclear "bunker busters" sought: Move signals big shift in U.S. weapon strategy	Dan Stober, Mercury News	April 23, 2003
Death by DU Depleted uranium: A deadly tool in the U.S. arsenal	Beth Hawkins Minneapolis City Pages	April 23, 2003
Scientists debate depleted uranium weapons' possible contamination of Iraqi civilians	Joseph B. Verrengia Associated Press	April 21, 2003
Depleted-uranium weapons should be banned	Glen Milner
"Depleted uranium will affect Iraq for generations to come"	Prof Doug Rokke, Aljazeera	April 15, 2003

Nuclear "bunker busters" sought:	by Dan Stober	April 23, 2003
Move signals big shit in U.S. weapon strategy How much more is needed for the common folks in the US to react and to say NO! Mercury News

Mayor of Hiroshima Protest Letter to George Bush on Mini-Nukes	from Tadatoshi Akiba	April 21, 2003
	Mayor of Hiroshima

KEEP UP THE PRESSURE--SEND A LETTER TO OTTAWA--NO TO MISSILE DEFENSE!

email addresses etc.

Weapons of Mass Destruction found!

Zoom on Doom: Easy-to-find nuclear weapons map

From GREENPEACE

April, 13, 2003

Since the US and the UK are having such a hard time finding weapons of mass destruction in Iraq, we thought we'd lend a
hand by providing this easy guide to the nukes we know about.

THE DETERRENCE DELUSION	by Praful Bidwai	April 11, 2003
Last February, Al-Saadi took Colin Powell to task for his allegations, presented solemnly to the Security Council, concerning persuasive "evidence" of Iraq's WMD. Al-Saadi audaciously, but confidently, claimed that some of the evidence cited was fabricated. And sure enough, it turned out a month later -- and the International Atomic Energy Agency confirmed this -- that the "evidence", for example, of Iraq's attempts to buy uranium from Niger, indeed involved despicable, crude forgery.

Facing the Failures of the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty Regime	by David Krieger and Devon Chaffee	April, 2003
The NPT regime obligations are having less and less success in restraining the irresponsible behavior of nations, especially the treaty’s NWS, and the United States in particular. As NWS move further away from their obligations under the treaty, they are simultaneously weakening incentives for non-nuclear weapon state parties to the treaty to remain within the NPT regime. Nuclear Age Peace Foundation


IPPNW Warns Of Nuke Bunker Buster Radiation Victims	by David Crary	March 28, 2003
The IPPNW study concludes that even a very low-yield nuclear EPW exploded in or near an urban environment such as Baghdad will inevitably disperse radioactive dirt and debris over several square kilometers and could result in fatal doses of radiation to tens of thousands of victims.

KEEP UP THE PRESSURE--SEND A LETTER TO OTTAWA--NO TO MISSILE DEFENSE!

email addresses etc.

	THE NUCLEAR DANGERS FROM THE WAR ON IRAQ	by Larry Ross	March 15, 2003
	Instead of deterrence and last resort, the Bush doctrines call for integrating nuclear weapons with conventional weapons as one more military option, thus greatly lowering the threshold for actual use. The US is also making new nuclear weapons called "bunker-busters" as well as micro nuclear weapons. Iraq may be only be the first of seven named nations..

"Nuclear Nightmares "	by John Steinbach	March 2, 2003
This very lengthy and important paper has no URL, so I'm sending the whole thing. It details the evolution of American nuclear weapon strategy from 1945 to the present. While the US has always had a first strike policy, the Bush administration has escalated the rhetoric and lowered the bar, putting us in the highest danger of nuclear war since Truman.

The Diversion of Rhetoric Over Reason	by Selwyn Manning	March 7, 2003
Yes the religious card is being played from both sides of this crisis. Yet each week even more disturbing reports emerge. Like from the National Religious Broadcasters Convention where US President George W. Bush was described as “God's chosen man”. Bush sat, listened, then stood up empowered and proclaimed that the imminent American attack on Iraq will be one of Christian morality, that this attack would be, "in the highest moral traditions of our country [the USA]".


AMERICA'S NEW NUCLEAR STRATEGY	*Daily Times Pakistan*	February, 2003
So Journalists should not tell the truth now?? Brushing aside the embarrassing failure of US troops to find the weapons he made the centrepiece of his case for military action, Bush said the invasion thwarted future plots against the United States by “madman” Saddam Hussein. “Saddam Hussein was a gathering threat. He possessed and he used weapons of mass destruction,” he declared here. “I was not about to leave the security of the United States to the desires and hopes of this madman.”

North Korea US Plans for a Nuclear Strike - Secret, Scary Plans	By Nicholas D. Kristof	February 28, 2003
Some of the most secret and scariest work under way in the Pentagon these days is the planning for a possible military strike against nuclear sites in North Korea.


ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS OF IRAQ WAR	Peter Drekmeier	February 22, 2003
If nuclear weapons are used in Iraq, Medact fears that 3.9 million people would die. The radioactive fallout would eventually circle the planet, dooming even more people to an early death.

WMDs: Global Nuclear Stockpiles & International Law	Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists	February 20, 2003
The five major nuclear powers currently have more than 20,000 nuclear warheads in their arsenals, as shown in the table below. But this does not include a number of intact Russian nuclear warheads of indeterminate status—possibly as many as 10,000. Of the more than 30,000 intact warheads belonging to the world’s eight nuclear weapon states, the vast majority (96 percent) are in U.S. or Russian stockpiles. About 17,500 of these warheads are considered operational. The rest are in reserve or retired and awaiting dismantlement.

	Nuclear Weapons of Mass Destruction - NUMBERS				February 20, 2003
	with credit to http://www.stopwar.org.uk/ Who has WMD? Nuclear capability by country http://www.nrdc.org/nuclear/default.asp

Pentagon Planned Conference On Nuclear Weapons	From the Los Alamos Study Group	February 14, 2003
Pentagon plans conference on how to develop, build new kinds of nuclear weapons for "small strikes" - and how to sell these ideas to Congress, American people.

Nuke Industry Responsible For 65 Million Deaths Up Until 1989	by Paul Waugh	January 31, 2003
According To European Scientific Committee The ECRR is an international body of 30 independent scientists, led by Dr Chris Busby, a member of the Government's radiation risk committee and adviser to the Ministry of Defence on the use of depleted uranium. The findings prompted immediate calls for the Government to rethink its support for the nuclear industry or share responsibility for millions of deaths worldwide. The Independent

U.S. Weighs Tactical Nuclear Strike on Iraq	by Paul Richter Times Staff Writer	January 25, 2003
For what one defense analyst says is a worst-case scenario, planners are studying the use of atomic bombs on deeply buried targets. WASHINGTON -- As the Pentagon continues a highly visible buildup of troops and weapons in the Persian Gulf, it is also quietly preparing for the possible use of nuclear weapons in a war against Iraq, according to a report by a defense analyst.

The Nuclear Option in Iraq	by William M. Arkin	January 25, 2003
The U.S. has lowered the bar for using the ultimate weapon.
WASHINGTON -- One year after President Bush labeled Iraq, Iran and North Korea the "axis of evil," the United States is thinking about the unthinkable: It is preparing for the possible use of nuclear weapons against Iraq.

	Madness In The Making - US Nuclear Strategy Threatens The World	Leader, The Guardian	January 10, 2003
	The possibility that the US will resort to the use of nuclear weapons in a future conflict is greater now that at any time since the darkest days of the cold war. This growing danger does not principally arise from old fears about the threat from strategic nuclear missiles. Although the US, Russia, China, France and Britain retain such weapons, their overall numbers have been reduced.

	ZONES OF ANARCHY	by Thomas Homer-Dixon	January 5, 2003
	Pakistan balances on a knife's edge between simmering unease and total upheaval. It's the country to watch in 2003. Anti-American sentiment is surging. Pakistan's president, Gen. Pervez Musharraf, is already having difficulty justifying his country's cooperation with the U.S. war against terrorism. Washington Post

President Promotes Use of Nuclear Weapons	by John Burroughs	January 1, 2003
Distributed by Minuteman Media, http://www.opedresource.com/
The Bush administration recently released its "National Strategy to Combat Weapons of Mass Destruction” (WMD). Unfortunately, what the strategy really does is promote nuclear weapons. The administration declared in December that the United States "reserves the right to respond with overwhelming force - including through resort to all of our options - to the use of WMD against the United States, our forces abroad, and friends and allies."

GLOBAL NUCLEAR STOCKPILES & INTERNATIONAL LAW

Nov - Dec 2002

	An Eleven Nation Poll			February-March, 2002
	It is good to know that even amongst the US public sentiments after September 11th, the 76 percent of the US citizens support a treaty to ban nuclear weapons.

Why I Reject Nuclear Deterrence	By Robert Green	December, 2000
Former Navy Commander Robert Green found out at first hand that the theory doesn’t actually work – and decided to make a stand.

Go to http://www.sierraactivist.org/ and type in 'nukes' in the search box.